If communities are to have any chance of returning to peace, an international arms law on its own is not enough. The millions of illegal and surplus arms already in circulation also need to be removed.

Oxfam, Amnesty International and IANSA are calling for the following action at international, regional, national, and local levels.

International level
The international community must adopt a global Arms Trade Treaty in time for the 2006 UN conference on small arms.

Regional level
Controls to protect humanitarian and human rights law and limit the flow and demand of arms should be enforced at regional levels.

National level
Governments must introduce new laws and measures to incorporate the principles of the Arms Trade Treaty. They must also close the loopholes in their arms controls so that they can strictly monitor end use and effectively control arms brokers and licenced production overseas. They must stop the misuse of arms by security services and introduce systems of accountability and training for them, introduce measures for disarmament when a conflict has ended, develop good justice systems for prosecuting those who misuse arms, enforce all arms control legislation and develop and implement a national action plan to address and solve the country's arms problems.

Local level
Communities and local authorities must help collect and destroy surplus and illegal weapons, introduce community education programs to end cultures of violence, provide assistance to victims of armed violence, and provide alternative livelihoods for those who depend on violence for a living.